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Edufirst
To rank the effective nuclear charge Z* experienced by a valence electrons of a set of atoms that belong to a same period, you only need to apply the rule of trend: it increases as you move from left to right in the period.

So, lets do it for these atoms: P,  Al, Si, Cl

The belong to a same period and the order is Al, Si, P, Cl (just see a periodic table). So the rank is Al < Si < P < Cl

Now, lets do it for these atoms:, Be, Ne, O, C

They belong to the second period. The order is Be, C, O, Ne

So, the rank is Be < C < O < Ne.

Effective nuclear charge is the net positive charge felt by electrons.

The effective nuclear charge has a trend that follows in the periodic table. Across the period due to the constant electron shielding, the effective nuclear charge increases.  

For the trend the effective nuclear charge down the group, there is a decrease in the Z. For example in period: K, Ca, Sc, Ti.

The order will be: K<Ca<Sc<Ti.

In row, Na, K, Rb, Cs.

The order will be: Na>K>Rb>Cs.

For more information about the effective nuclear charge, refer to the link:

https://brainly.com/question/25002720

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