The correct answer is 4. by the development of representative government
Representative Democracy was born in Ancient Greece, more specifically in Ancient Athens around the 6th century BCE. The word Democracy comes from the Greek demos (people) and kratos (power), meaning "power of the people." It was based on a representative system by which the free citizens elected their representatives in government, although slaves and women were excluded from this kind of democracy. This political system inspired the Roman Republic and the political thought of many Greek and Roman philosophers, as well as many Western political thinkers of the modernity. Modern philosophers, like Locke, Rousseau, Voltaire, Montesquieu, among others took the Greek-Roman notions and experiences of democracy in order to establish the fundamentals of modern democracy.
