Angela tries to pick up a copper penny using a bar magnet, but the penny does not move. Then, she tries to pick up an iron nail using the bar magnet, and the nail lifts up toward the magnet. Her teacher tells her that the magnet lifts the iron nail because it is a ferromagnetic material. Which of the following best describes a ferromagnetic material?

a material made of non-metals that produce magnetic fields

a material that easily conducts electricity

a material with naturally strong magnetic properties

a material that produces its own magnetic field

Ferromagnetic materials have a spontaneous net magnetization at the atomic level, even when no external magnetic field is present. When ferromagnetic materials are exposed to an external magnetic field, they become strongly magnetized in the direction of the field.

How does the ferromagnetic material lift the iron nail?

Placing a ferromagnetic object, such as a nail, into the magnetic field of a strong magnet can induce the iron molecules to line up, turning the nail into a temporary magnet. The nail acts as a magnet and attracts other ferromagnetic materials as long as it is in the magnetic field of the bar magnet.

The susceptibility of ferromagnetic materials to an external magnetic field is substantial and positive. They have a significant affinity to magnetic fields and can keep their magnetic characteristics even when the external field is eliminated.

Therefore, A ferromagnetic material with naturally strong magnetic properties

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