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The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution ratified in 1868 granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States including former enslaved people and guaranteed all citizens equal protection of the laws. One of three amendments passed during the Reconstruction era to abolish slavery.
It strengthened the federal government's power over the States particularly regarding State treatment of citizens. It provided the legal framework for the civil rights movement relating to racial discrimination. That movement in turn gave momentum to other movements involving gender, age and physical handicaps.
The 14th amendment granted citizenship to all people born or naturalized in the United States. It also guaranteed all citizens the equal protection of the laws. This meant that state governments could not treat some citizens as less equal than others.
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