Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening problem that affects people with diabetes. It occurs when the body starts breaking down fat at a rate that is much too fast. The liver processes the fat into a fuel called ketones, which causes the blood to become acidic.
The immune system is a network of biological mechanisms that guards an organism against disease. It recognizes and responds to a wide range of pathogens, including viruses and parasitic worms, as well as cancer cells and things like wood splinters, separating them from the organism's own healthy tissue. Many species have two major immune system subsystems. The innate immune system has a predetermined reaction to a wide range of events and stimuli. By learning to recognize chemicals it has previously seen, the adaptive immune system provides a personalized response to each stimulus. Both rely on molecules and cells to carry out their tasks.
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