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Mikhail Gorbachev of the soviet union advocated the projects of glasnost and perestroika.

Former Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev is a Russian. He served as the Communist Party of the Soviet Union's general secretary from 1985 to 1991, making him the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union. In addition to serving as the Supreme Soviet's chairman from 1988 to 1989, the Supreme Soviet's chairman from 1989 to 1990, and the Soviet Union's president from 1990 to 1991, he was also the nation's head of state from 1988 until 1991. His perestroika ("restructuring") initiative tried to decentralize economic decision-making in order to increase efficiency, while his glasnost ("openness") policy allowed for increased press and speech freedom. The one-party regime was damaged by his democratic reforms and the creation of the elected Congress of People's Deputies.

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