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Vanitas are still life paintings with a moralizing theme that were very popular in the 17th century.
A vanitas is a symbolic work of art that contrasts symbols of prosperity with symbols of ephemerality and mortality to demonstrate the fleeting nature of existence, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death. Vanitas still lifes, a popular genre in the Low Countries during the 16th and 17th centuries, are the most well-known example; nevertheless, they have also been produced at other times and in various mediums and genres. The Latin word vanitas, which comes from the adjective vanus, "empty," meaning "emptiness," "futility," or "worthlessness," reflecting the traditional Christian belief that material possessions and activities of this world are fleeting and of little value. The majority of the surviving instances of vanitas themes in mediaeval funerary art are in sculpture.
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