Concepts of gene therapy, nanotechnology, 3d printing, and bioengineering were under development beginning of 1980s. The correct option is c.
Bioengineering is the application of engineering design and analysis principles to biological systems as well as biomedical technologies.
Nanotechnology is the near-atomic manipulation of matter to create new constructions, equipment, and devices.
The technology promises scientific advancement in a variety of fields, including medicine, consumer goods, energy, materials, and manufacturing.
In terms of technological breakthroughs in the twenty-first century, it turns out that concepts such as gene therapy, nanotechnology, 3-D printing, and bioengineering were already being developed in the 1980s.
Thus, the correct option is c.
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