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Calculate the ratio of H+ ions to OH– ions at a pH = 7. Find the concentration of H+ ions to OH– ions listed in Table B of your Student Guide. Then divide the H+ concentration by the OH– concentration. Record this calculated ratio in Table A of your Student Guide.

Compare your approximated and calculated ratios of H+ ions to OH– ions at a pH = 7. Are they the same? Why or why not? Record your comparison in Table A.

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1. The concentration of H⁺ ion at pH = 7 is 1×10¯⁷ M

2. The concentration of OH¯ ion at pH = 7 is 1×10¯⁷ M

3. The ratio of H⁺ ion to OH¯ ion at pH = 7 is 1 : 1

What is pH?

This is simply a measure of the acidity / alkalinity of a solution.

The pH measures the hydrogen ion, H⁺ concentration while the pOH measures the hydroxide ion, OH¯ concentration

Relationships between H⁺ and OH¯

[H⁺] × [OH¯] = 10¯¹⁴

1. How to determine the hydrogen ion concentration, [H+]

From the question given above, the following data were obtained:

  • pH = 7
  • Hydrogen ion concentration [H+] =?

pH = –Log [H+]

7 = –Log [H+]

Multiply through by –1

–7 = Log [H+]

Take the anti-log of –7

[H+] = anti-log (–7)

[H+] = 1×10¯⁷ M

2. How to determine the hydroxide ion concentration, OH¯

  • Hydrogen ion concentration [H⁺] = 1×10¯⁷ M
  • Hydroxide ion concentration [OH¯] =?

[H⁺] × [OH¯] = 10¯¹⁴

1×10¯⁷ × [OH¯] = 10¯¹⁴

Divide both side by 1×10¯⁷

[OH¯] = 10¯¹⁴ / 1×10¯⁷

[OH¯] = 1×10¯⁷ M

3. How to determine the ratio of H⁺ ion to OH¯

  • Hydrogen ion concentration [H⁺] = 1×10¯⁷ M
  • Hydroxide ion concentration [OH¯] = 1×10¯⁷ M
  • Ratio of H⁺ ion to OH¯ =?

Ratio = H⁺ : OH¯

Ratio = H⁺ / OH¯

Ratio = 1×10¯⁷ : 1×10¯⁷

Ratio = 1 : 1

Learn more about pH:

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