The amounts of Federal and State taxes that the couple will owe will be $25100 and $7500 respectively.
A tax simply means a compulsory levy that's paid to the government by individuals and businesses.
In this case, the standard deduction for married couples that are filing jointly is $25100. Also, the state tax will be:
= 5% × $150000
= 0.05 × $150000
= $7500
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