The question asks for how many hydrogen atoms there are in 0.500 mol CH3OH. Using the numbers that we have (Avogadro's constant and no. of H-atoms), the answer of the question will be something like:
H-atoms in CH3OH = 2 * 6.02 * 1023 = ~1.2 * 1024
Taking into account the definition of avogadro's number, 1.2046×10²⁴ atoms of hydrogen are present in 0.500 mol of CH₃OH molecules.
By multiplying the number of moles by the subscripts next to each atom, you get the amount of each element present in the compound. IIf the same atom appears more than once in the compound, you must add its amounts.
So, in 1 mole of CH₃OH, you have 4 moles of H, because 3 moles are attached to the atom of C, and 1 mole of H is presente in the OH group.
Then you can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of the compound contains 4 moles of hydrogen, 0.5 mole of the compound contains how many hydrogen?
[tex]moles of hydrogen=\frac{0.5 moles of CH_{3} OHx4 moles of hydrogen}{ 1mole of CH_{3} OH}[/tex]
moles of hydrogen= 2 moles
On the other side, Avogadro's Number is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023×10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.
Then you can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of hydrogen contains 6.023×10²³ atoms, 2 moles of hydrogen contain how many atoms?
amount of atoms of hydrogen= (2 mole× 6.023×10²³ atoms) ÷ 1 mole
amount of atoms of hydrogen= 1.2046×10²⁴ atoms
Finally, 1.2046×10²⁴ atoms of hydrogen are present in 0.500 mol of CH₃OH molecules.
Learn more about Avogadro's Number:
