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Eutrophication is a natural process that occurs in an aging lake or pond as that body of water gradually builds up its concentration of plant nutrients.

In nature, eutrophication is a common phenomenon in freshwater ecosystems and is really a part of the normal aging process of many lakes and ponds. Some never experience it because of a lack of warmth and light, but many do. Over time, these bodies of freshwater change in terms of how productive or fertile they are. While this is different for each lake or pond, those that are naturally fed rich nutrients from a stream or river or some other natural source are described as "eutrophic," meaning they are nutrient-rich and therefore abundant in plant and animal life. Eutrophication is not necessarily harmful or bad, and the word itself is often translated from the Greek as meaning "well nourished" or "good food." However, eutrophication can be speeded up artificially, and then the lake and its inhabitants eventually suffer as the input of nutrients increases far beyond what the natural capacity of the lake should be.
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Answer:

Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water is enriched with excess nutrients as a result of frequent runoffs from land; this result in excessive growth of some plants on the surface of the water.

When fertilizers are washed away from the land surfaces into the rivers as a result of water erosion, the fertilizers usually add nutrients to the water and bring about the growth of plants such as algae on the surface of the water. The plants that are growing on the surface of the water affect the organisms living in the water negatively because the plants will reduce the amount of light that get to the surface of the water.

Explanation:

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