The illustrations below show the usual wind pattern at the shore during the day and night. What is the most important factor that creates these wind patterns?

The most important factor that creates these wind patterns is that the air above the land heats up and cools off more quickly than the air over water.
This is a method of heat transfer which involves the movement of the fluids across varying temperatures.
During the day time , the Sun heats up the land surface which has a low heat capacity faster than the water surface. Heated air has a low density which explains why it rises into the atmosphere.
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