We can check if the equation is balanced by comparing the number of atoms of each element on the reactant and product sides. The reaction is only balanced if the number of atoms of each element is equal.
S + 3O₂ → SO₃
Reactant Product
S 1 1
O 6 3
The balanced equation would be 2 S + 3O₂ → 2SO₃
Reactant Product
S 2 2
O 6 6