The temperature of sunspots increases because magnetic field lines emerge from one sunspot and reappear in another. During periods of increased magnetic activity, there are also more sunspots.
What is the sun's magnetic field?
The magnetic field of the sun has two poles, similar to a bar magnet. Every 11 years, at the peak of the solar activity cycle, the poles flip.
The magnetic field is carried away from the sun's surface and through the solar system by a solar wind made up of charged particles. The sun is more like a fluid than a solid ball.
Thus, the magnetic field lines emerge from one sunspot and reappear in another. During periods of increased magnetic activity, there are also more sunspots.
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