OK first box: ask yourself: 2 to the what power equals 1024? The answer is 10. 2^10 equals 1024. You can also find that by taking the natural log of both sides and solving for x.
Second box: the term is just an inverse of the previous. When you bring the 2 up you have to change the exponent to a negative: you have 2^-10
First box:10
Second box:-10
Thank you