The correct answer is option A i.e Ecosystem.
what is ecosystem?
The collection of all living organisms in a geographic area, together with all the living and non-living things with which they interact.
- Aquatic Ecosystems (water-based) ecosystems
- Terrestrial Ecosystems (land-based) ecosystems.
The study of the interrelationships between living organisms and the living and non-living components and processes in an environment is known as ecology.
STRUCTURE OF ECOSYSTEMS
Every ecosystem is composed of two basic units:
a) Biota: the living organisms - all plant & animal species
b) Abiotic: the non-living physical and chemical component consisting of wind, temperature, water, soil, precipitation etc.
- The single abiotic factor most lacking in a particular environment is termed a Limiting Factor. e.g. water – in a desert and temperature - Tundra.
- The variation in physical factors that a population can withstand and continue to thrive in an environment is termed Range of Tolerance.
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