Taking into account the definition of oxidation number, the oxidation number for N in the compound NH₃ is -3.
Definition of oxidation number
The oxidation number is the charge that an atom has; is an integer that represents the number of electrons an atom puts into play when it forms a given compound.
In other words, the oxidation number of an element is a value that indicates the number of electrons that element gains or loses when it combines with another.
Oxidation number determination
To determine the oxidation state it is necessary to know that The oxidation number of hydrogen in a compound is +1, except in metal hydrides, where is –1.
On the other side, the sum of the oxidation numbers of the existing elements in a chemical formula must add up to zero.
Then, considering the oxidation numbers of each element, multiplying it by the number of existing elements in the chemical formula and adding it and equaling it to zero, the value of the missing oxidation number can be obtained.
Oxidation number of nitrogen
In this case, the oxidation numbers of nitrogen is calculated as:
NH₃: oxidation numbers of nitrogen + 3×(+1)= 0
Solving:
oxidation numbers of nitrogen + 3= 0
oxidation numbers of nitrogen = -3
Finally, the oxidation number for N in the compound NH₃ is -3.
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