Respuesta :
1. The Protestant Reformation was instigated by the Church's sale of indulgences and other abuses that Martin Luther wanted to correct. His chosen method of Protestation resulted in Separation instead of the Reformation of the Catholic Church.
The Catholic Church has remained an institution divinely instituted by Jesus Christ with a promise that the gates of the underworld cannot prevail against it. Efforts to reform the Church should be made within and not external. External Reformations have only created unending divisions and misinterpretations of the Christian Scripture.
While the Protestant Reformation contributed to the numerical growth of Christianity, it failed to achieve the internal and spiritual growth that it was supposed to achieve. The Protestant Reformation is unlike the reformations that have continued to occur within the Catholic Church, enabling its continuity.
2. Islam has been a more political movement combined with religion since its creation than spiritual. The Ottoman and the Safavid empires have continued to vie for political supremacy. The two Islamic empires embraced different sects of Islam. As the Ottoman empire favored the Sunni beliefs and practices, the Safavid empire chose the Shi'a practices.
Interestingly, in their quests for political supremacy, they have waged many notable and unending internal conflicts, including the Ottoman–Safavid War of 1623–1639. These conflicts have not helped in the propagation of Islam as they have presented Islam as a conflict-focused religion instead of the claimed religion of peace.
3. With the presence of Islam in the majority Hinduism nation, Sikhism developed to incorporate the Islamic belief in a monotheistic God without abandoning some of the Hindu belief systems though, the two have differences in scriptures, social status, worship, and religious appearance. Sikhism emphasizes equality of the sexes, stressing honesty and hard work.
Thus, these belief systems have witnessed some continuity and most destabilizing changes from 1450 to 1750.
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