The two main types of fermentation are called alcoholic and lactic acid fermentation.
Further Explanation:
In the presence of oxygen, glucose is breakdown into pyruvic acid through glycolysis. Pyruvic acid undergoes in the TCA cycle and produces ATP.
In the absence of oxygen (anaerobic condition), depending upon the cell the pyruvic acid can enter into two different pathways.
- Lactic acid fermentation.
- Alcoholic fermentation.
In alcoholic fermentation, ethanol is breakdown into carbon dioxide. The first enzyme used in this reaction is pyruvate decarboxylase which converts pyruvic acid into acetaldehyde. Second is alcohol dehydrogenase which converts acetaldehyde into ethanol.
Some bacteria and animals use lactic acid fermentation. In lactic acid fermentation, the formation of lactate mostly seen in muscle. In this process, lactate dehydrogenase enzyme is used. The lactic acid formation in muscle cause muscle fatigue and stiffness in muscle. This type of fermentation also seen in yogurt.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Fermentation
Keywords:
Bacteria, animal, muscle fatigue, lactate dehydrogenase, ethanol, lactic acid, fermentation, glucose, pyruvate, acetaldehyde, pyruvate decarboxylase.
