Answer:
D). I verb I taken the place of succeeded.
Explanation:
The word 'supersede' stands for 'to take place of or to displace in favor of itself' and as per the context of the sentence, it conveys the sense that the great rulers have 'replaced each other or taken place of succeeded' but unable to bring a political change in the capital. Thus, the author conveys that despite this constant displacement of rulers and even dynasties yet no relevant change could take place in the 'little town' of the author. Thus, option D is the correct answer.