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Answer:
Military officers gathered the available materials and published the Texas Constitution of 1869. The new document declared the U.S. Constitution the supreme law of the land. Slavery was abolished and equality of the law was extended to all persons.
Explanation:
The Constitution of 1866 was invalidated after Radical Republicans took control of the U.S. Congress and imposed military governments on the former Confederate states. As a condition to reentering the Union, states had to draft new constitutions acceptable under the Reconstruction Acts. However, the Texas Constitutional Convention of 1869 dissolved over factional differences without drafting a final document. Military officers gathered the available materials and published the Texas Constitution of 1869. The new document declared the U.S. Constitution the supreme law of the land. Slavery was abolished and equality of the law was extended to all persons. Legislative changes included extending terms of Texas Senators to six years and legislative sessions would now be held every year. In the executive branch, the attorney general and secretary of state were now appointed by the governor, with all other officials elected by popular vote. The number of Supreme Court justices was reduced to three with the terms shortened to nine years. All judicial offices were now appointive. The amendment procedure was unchanged from the Texas Constitution of 1866. The constitution also included a compulsory school attendance law and provided for state supervision of education. While it provided a hospitable environment for the civil rights of newly freed African Americans and an activist government, the Radical Republican Constitution was able to garner public support needed for approval only because those with Confederate sympathies, the majority Anglo agrarians, were barred from voting.
Texans were critical of the reconstruction of the Constitution of 1869 because it threatened their way of life and economical power.
The end of the American civil war brought many changes to the confederate states. The most impactful of these changes include:
- The abolishment of slavery.
- Secession was declared illegal.
- All states now abide by the Consitution of the United States.
- African Americans were given American citizenship.
These changes were incorporated into the constitution of the state of Texas in 1869, (though not without resistance from Texan voters) which would cause a major shift in the everyday way of life for most Texan citizens. Until this time, nearly 30% of Texan families owned slaves, and over 70% supported secession.
The reconstruction of the Texas Constitution saw the end of slavery as it were in that state. Being a primarily agricultural state, the abolishment of slavery and therefore slave labor, saw a steep decline in profits for elite plantation owners and a reduction to the economical power this brought to the state.
Though many restrictions were placed on the rights of African American citizens, they were now to be acknowledged as free and rightful citizens, Further shifting the state away from the way of life that it had become accustomed to.
The main reasons why Texans were critical of the reconstruction for the Constitution of 1869 are because it threatened their way of life by forcing the abolishment of slavery, and their economical power due to reduced profits from agricultural production.
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