Explanation:
(a) It is known that charge on a proton is equal to [tex]1.6 \times 10^{-19} C[/tex]. And, net charge is given as [tex]0.3 pC[/tex] which is also equal to [tex]0.3 \times 10^{-12}C[/tex].
Therefore, we will calculate the number of electrons as follows.
[tex]\frac{0.3 \times 10^{-12}C}{1.6 \times 10^{-19}C}[/tex]
= [tex]1.87 \times 10^{6}[/tex]
Hence, there are [tex]1.87 \times 10^{6}[/tex] fewer electrons are there than protons.
(b) Now, we will calculate the fraction of protons that would have no electrons as follows.
[tex]\frac{1.88 \times 10^{6}}{1 \times 10^{16}}[/tex]
= [tex]1.88 \times 10^{-10}[/tex]
Therefore, fraction of the protons that would have no electrons is [tex]1.88 \times 10^{-10}[/tex].
There are 1 x 10¹⁶ fewer electrons than protons.
If they pair up about 99.9% of the protons will not have electrons.
The given parameters:
The total proton and electron present is calculated as follow;
[tex]1.6\times 10^{-19} \ C = 1 \ e\\\\ 0.3 \times 10^{-12} \ C = ?\\\\ = \frac{0.3 \times 10^{-12} \ C}{1.6\times 10^{-19} \ C} = 1.875 \times 10^{6} \ net \ charges[/tex]
The sum of proton and electrons make up the net charges;
[tex]p + e = 1.875 \times 10^6\\\\ e =1.875 \times 10^6 - 1\times 10^{16}\\\\ e = -1\times 10^{-16} \ electrons[/tex]
Thus, there are 1 x 10¹⁶ fewer electrons than protons.
If they pair up about 99.9% of the protons will not have electrons.
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