Zachariah was not sure that he was ready for his midterm exams, but once he started, he found that he was able to accurately recall the information he had learned. The main memory process that accounts for the fact that Zachariah could access and utilize the information in his memory is_________.
a. encoding
b. storage
c. retrieval
d. rehearsal

Encoding: this is the first step in the memory process. Encoding helps us to transform items into constructs that will be stored later in our memory.
Storage: is the process of storing the information that was encoded earlier. It can be stored either in our short-term memory or in our long-term memory.
Retrieval: This is the process that helps us remember and bring to conscience the information that was stored earlier. The process of retrieval helps us 're-access' to the information that was previously saved in our memory.

In this example, Zachariah found that once he started studying he was able to recall the information he had learned. We can see that the information was encoded and stored in his memory (otherwise he couldn't have recalled it), therefore, this information that was stored earlier was bring to conscience and he could "re-access" this information, thus the main memory process that accounts for the fact that Zachariah could access and utilize the information in his memory is retrieval.