A literature review of negative healthcare trends that may contribute to the increased stress and workload of bedside clinicians in the nursing profession is done. Which of the following trends has been noted in the literature since the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) of 2010?
1) An increased number of insured patients with chronic illnesses
2) Disproportionate allocation of resources
3) Decreased turnover among nursing and allied staff
4) Decreased patient-to-nurse ratio